Fereshteh
No. Fereshteh is Persian in origin and means 'angel'; it corresponds in meaning to the Arabic word 'malak' but the Persian form itself is not a Quranic lexical item.
Historically and currently the name appears in Iran, Afghanistan, among Persian speakers, and in some South Asian Muslim families with Persian cultural ties.
Common pronunciations are 'Fe‑resh‑teh' with stress on the second syllable (IPA: /feˈreʃteh/).
Yes. The closest Arabic lexical equivalent is مَلَك (malak) meaning 'angel'; in some contexts the plural or related forms like 'malaika' are used for naming.
It is primarily Persianate; while present among diaspora communities, it is relatively rare among Arabic-speaking families who typically prefer Arabic-origin names.