Mahidevran
Yes. Mahidevran is historically attested in Ottoman sources; one well known bearer is Mahidevran Sultan, a consort in the court of Sultan Süleyman.
The name is Ottoman Turkish built from Persian elements: mah (moon/beauty) + devran (age, era).
No. Mahidevran is not found in the Qur'an or canonical Hadith literature; it is a cultural‑historical name.
It is very rare today and typically encountered in historical contexts or as a consciously archaic/heritage choice.
Historically, short forms or pet names could occur in private contexts, but no single standardized diminutive is widely recorded; modern pet forms might include 'Mahi' in familiar use.